MathUtils

java.lang.Object
- org.apache.openejb.math.util.MathUtils

public final class MathUtils
extends java.lang.Object

Some useful additions to the built-in functions in Math.

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type	Field and Description
`static double`	`EPSILON` Smallest positive number such that 1 - EPSILON is not numerically equal to 1.
`static double`	`SAFE_MIN` Safe minimum, such that 1 / SAFE_MIN does not overflow.
`static double`	`TWO_PI` 2 π.

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`static int`	`addAndCheck(int x, int y)` Add two integers, checking for overflow.
`static long`	`addAndCheck(long a, long b)` Add two long integers, checking for overflow.
`static long`	`binomialCoefficient(int n, int k)` Returns an exact representation of the Binomial Coefficient, "`n choose k`", the number of `k`-element subsets that can be selected from an `n`-element set.
`static double`	`binomialCoefficientDouble(int n, int k)` Returns a `double` representation of the Binomial Coefficient, "`n choose k`", the number of `k`-element subsets that can be selected from an `n`-element set.
`static double`	`binomialCoefficientLog(int n, int k)` Returns the natural `log` of the Binomial Coefficient, "`n choose k`", the number of `k`-element subsets that can be selected from an `n`-element set.
`static void`	`checkOrder(double[] val, int dir, boolean strict)` Checks that the given array is sorted.
`static int`	`compareTo(double x, double y, double eps)` Compares two numbers given some amount of allowed error.
`static double`	`cosh(double x)` Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.
`static double`	`distance(double[] p1, double[] p2)` Calculates the L₂ (Euclidean) distance between two points.
`static double`	`distance(int[] p1, int[] p2)` Calculates the L₂ (Euclidean) distance between two points.
`static double`	`distance1(double[] p1, double[] p2)` Calculates the L₁ (sum of abs) distance between two points.
`static int`	`distance1(int[] p1, int[] p2)` Calculates the L₁ (sum of abs) distance between two points.
`static double`	`distanceInf(double[] p1, double[] p2)` Calculates the L_∞ (max of abs) distance between two points.
`static int`	`distanceInf(int[] p1, int[] p2)` Calculates the L_∞ (max of abs) distance between two points.
`static boolean`	`equals(double[] x, double[] y)` Returns true iff both arguments are null or have same dimensions and all their elements are `equals`
`static boolean`	`equals(double x, double y)` Returns true iff both arguments are NaN or neither is NaN and they are equal
`static boolean`	`equals(double x, double y, double eps)` Returns true iff both arguments are equal or within the range of allowed error (inclusive).
`static boolean`	`equals(double x, double y, int maxUlps)` Returns true iff both arguments are equal or within the range of allowed error (inclusive).
`static long`	`factorial(int n)` Returns n!.
`static double`	`factorialDouble(int n)` Returns n!.
`static double`	`factorialLog(int n)` Returns the natural logarithm of n!.
`static int`	`gcd(int p, int q)` Gets the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two numbers, using the "binary gcd" method which avoids division and modulo operations.
`static long`	`gcd(long p, long q)` Gets the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two numbers, using the "binary gcd" method which avoids division and modulo operations.
`static int`	`hash(double value)` Returns an integer hash code representing the given double value.
`static int`	`hash(double[] value)` Returns an integer hash code representing the given double array.
`static byte`	`indicator(byte x)` For a byte value x, this method returns (byte)(+1) if x >= 0 and (byte)(-1) if x < 0.
`static double`	`indicator(double x)` For a double precision value x, this method returns +1.0 if x >= 0 and -1.0 if x < 0.
`static float`	`indicator(float x)` For a float value x, this method returns +1.0F if x >= 0 and -1.0F if x < 0.
`static int`	`indicator(int x)` For an int value x, this method returns +1 if x >= 0 and -1 if x < 0.
`static long`	`indicator(long x)` For a long value x, this method returns +1L if x >= 0 and -1L if x < 0.
`static short`	`indicator(short x)` For a short value x, this method returns (short)(+1) if x >= 0 and (short)(-1) if x < 0.
`static int`	`lcm(int a, int b)` Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers, using the formula `lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b`.
`static long`	`lcm(long a, long b)` Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers, using the formula `lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b`.
`static double`	`log(double base, double x)` Returns the logarithm for base `b` of `x`.
`static int`	`mulAndCheck(int x, int y)` Multiply two integers, checking for overflow.
`static long`	`mulAndCheck(long a, long b)` Multiply two long integers, checking for overflow.
`static double`	`nextAfter(double d, double direction)` Get the next machine representable number after a number, moving in the direction of another number.
`static double`	`normalizeAngle(double a, double center)` Normalize an angle in a 2&pi wide interval around a center value.
`static double[]`	`normalizeArray(double[] values, double normalizedSum)` Normalizes an array to make it sum to a specified value.
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`pow(java.math.BigInteger k, java.math.BigInteger e)` Raise a BigInteger to a BigInteger power.
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`pow(java.math.BigInteger k, int e)` Raise a BigInteger to an int power.
`static java.math.BigInteger`	`pow(java.math.BigInteger k, long e)` Raise a BigInteger to a long power.
`static int`	`pow(int k, int e)` Raise an int to an int power.
`static int`	`pow(int k, long e)` Raise an int to a long power.
`static long`	`pow(long k, int e)` Raise a long to an int power.
`static long`	`pow(long k, long e)` Raise a long to a long power.
`static double`	`round(double x, int scale)` Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places.
`static double`	`round(double x, int scale, int roundingMethod)` Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places.
`static float`	`round(float x, int scale)` Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places.
`static float`	`round(float x, int scale, int roundingMethod)` Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places.
`static double`	`scalb(double d, int scaleFactor)` Scale a number by 2^scaleFactor.
`static byte`	`sign(byte x)` Returns the sign for byte value `x`.
`static double`	`sign(double x)` Returns the sign for double precision `x`.
`static float`	`sign(float x)` Returns the sign for float value `x`.
`static int`	`sign(int x)` Returns the sign for int value `x`.
`static long`	`sign(long x)` Returns the sign for long value `x`.
`static short`	`sign(short x)` Returns the sign for short value `x`.
`static double`	`sinh(double x)` Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.
`static int`	`subAndCheck(int x, int y)` Subtract two integers, checking for overflow.
`static long`	`subAndCheck(long a, long b)` Subtract two long integers, checking for overflow.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - EPSILON
```
public static final double EPSILON
```
    Smallest positive number such that 1 - EPSILON is not numerically equal to 1.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - SAFE_MIN
```
public static final double SAFE_MIN
```
    Safe minimum, such that 1 / SAFE_MIN does not overflow.
    In IEEE 754 arithmetic, this is also the smallest normalized number 2^-1022.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - TWO_PI
```
public static final double TWO_PI
```
    2 π.
    
    Since:
    
    2.1
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
- Method Detail
  - addAndCheck
```
public static int addAndCheck(int x,
                              int y)
```
    Add two integers, checking for overflow.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - an addend
    
    y - an addend
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum x+y
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an int
    
    Since:
    
    1.1
  - addAndCheck
```
public static long addAndCheck(long a,
                               long b)
```
    Add two long integers, checking for overflow.
    
    Parameters:
    
    a - an addend
    
    b - an addend
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum a+b
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an long
    
    Since:
    
    1.2
  - binomialCoefficient
```
public static long binomialCoefficient(int n,
                                       int k)
```
    Returns an exact representation of the Binomial Coefficient, "n choose k", the number of k-element subsets that can be selected from an n-element set.
    Preconditions:
    - 0 <= k <= n (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    - The result is small enough to fit into a long. The largest value of n for which all coefficients are < Long.MAX_VALUE is 66. If the computed value exceeds Long.MAX_VALUE an ArithMeticException is thrown.
    Parameters:
    
    n - the size of the set
    
    k - the size of the subsets to be counted
    
    Returns:
    
    n choose k
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if preconditions are not met.
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result is too large to be represented by a long integer.
  - binomialCoefficientDouble
```
public static double binomialCoefficientDouble(int n,
                                               int k)
```
    Returns a double representation of the Binomial Coefficient, "n choose k", the number of k-element subsets that can be selected from an n-element set.
    Preconditions:
    - 0 <= k <= n (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    - The result is small enough to fit into a double. The largest value of n for which all coefficients are < Double.MAX_VALUE is 1029. If the computed value exceeds Double.MAX_VALUE, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY is returned
    Parameters:
    
    n - the size of the set
    
    k - the size of the subsets to be counted
    
    Returns:
    
    n choose k
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if preconditions are not met.
  - binomialCoefficientLog
```
public static double binomialCoefficientLog(int n,
                                            int k)
```
    Returns the natural log of the Binomial Coefficient, "n choose k", the number of k-element subsets that can be selected from an n-element set.
    Preconditions:
    - 0 <= k <= n (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    Parameters:
    
    n - the size of the set
    
    k - the size of the subsets to be counted
    
    Returns:
    
    n choose k
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if preconditions are not met.
  - compareTo
```
public static int compareTo(double x,
                            double y,
                            double eps)
```
    Compares two numbers given some amount of allowed error.
    Parameters:
    
    x - the first number
    
    y - the second number
    
    eps - the amount of error to allow when checking for equality
    
    Returns:
    0 if equals(x, y, eps)
    
    < 0 if !equals(x, y, eps) && x < y> 0 if !equals(x, y, eps) && x > y
  - cosh
```
public static double cosh(double x)
```
    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - double value for which to find the hyperbolic cosine
    
    Returns:
    
    hyperbolic cosine of x
  - equals
```
public static boolean equals(double x,
                             double y)
```
    Returns true iff both arguments are NaN or neither is NaN and they are equal
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - first value
    
    y - second value
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the values are equal or both are NaN
  - equals
```
public static boolean equals(double x,
                             double y,
                             double eps)
```
    Returns true iff both arguments are equal or within the range of allowed error (inclusive).
    Two NaNs are considered equals, as are two infinities with same sign.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - first value
    
    y - second value
    
    eps - the amount of absolute error to allow
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the values are equal or within range of each other
  - equals
```
public static boolean equals(double x,
                             double y,
                             int maxUlps)
```
    Returns true iff both arguments are equal or within the range of allowed error (inclusive). Adapted from Bruce Dawson
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - first value
    
    y - second value
    
    maxUlps - (maxUlps - 1) is the number of floating point values between x and y.
    
    Returns:
    
    true if there are less than maxUlps floating point values between x and y
  - equals
```
public static boolean equals(double[] x,
                             double[] y)
```
    Returns true iff both arguments are null or have same dimensions and all their elements are equals
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - first array
    
    y - second array
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the values are both null or have same dimension and equal elements
    
    Since:
    
    1.2
  - factorial
```
public static long factorial(int n)
```
    Returns n!. Shorthand for n Factorial, the product of the numbers 1,...,n.
    Preconditions:
    - n >= 0 (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    - The result is small enough to fit into a long. The largest value of n for which n! < Long.MAX_VALUE is 20. If the computed value exceeds Long.MAX_VALUE an ArithMeticException is thrown.
    Parameters:
    
    n - argument
    
    Returns:
    
    n!
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result is too large to be represented by a long integer.
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if n < 0
  - factorialDouble
```
public static double factorialDouble(int n)
```
    Returns n!. Shorthand for n Factorial, the product of the numbers 1,...,n as a double.
    Preconditions:
    - n >= 0 (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    - The result is small enough to fit into a double. The largest value of n for which n! < Double.MAX_VALUE is 170. If the computed value exceeds Double.MAX_VALUE, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY is returned
    Parameters:
    
    n - argument
    
    Returns:
    
    n!
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if n < 0
  - factorialLog
```
public static double factorialLog(int n)
```
    Returns the natural logarithm of n!.
    Preconditions:
    - n >= 0 (otherwise IllegalArgumentException is thrown)
    Parameters:
    
    n - argument
    
    Returns:
    
    n!
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if preconditions are not met.
  - gcd
```
public static int gcd(int p,
                      int q)
```
    Gets the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two numbers, using the "binary gcd" method which avoids division and modulo operations. See Knuth 4.5.2 algorithm B. This algorithm is due to Josef Stein (1961). Special cases:
    - The invocations gcd(Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE), gcd(Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0) and gcd(0, Integer.MIN_VALUE) throw an ArithmeticException, because the result would be 2^31, which is too large for an int value.
    - The result of gcd(x, x), gcd(0, x) and gcd(x, 0) is the absolute value of x, except for the special cases above.
    - The invocation gcd(0, 0) is the only one which returns 0.
    Parameters:
    
    p - any number
    
    q - any number
    
    Returns:
    
    the greatest common divisor, never negative
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result cannot be represented as a nonnegative int value
    
    Since:
    
    1.1
  - gcd
```
public static long gcd(long p,
                       long q)
```
    Gets the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two numbers, using the "binary gcd" method which avoids division and modulo operations. See Knuth 4.5.2 algorithm B. This algorithm is due to Josef Stein (1961). Special cases:
    - The invocations gcd(Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE), gcd(Long.MIN_VALUE, 0L) and gcd(0L, Long.MIN_VALUE) throw an ArithmeticException, because the result would be 2^63, which is too large for a long value.
    - The result of gcd(x, x), gcd(0L, x) and gcd(x, 0L) is the absolute value of x, except for the special cases above.
    - The invocation gcd(0L, 0L) is the only one which returns 0L.
    Parameters:
    
    p - any number
    
    q - any number
    
    Returns:
    
    the greatest common divisor, never negative
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result cannot be represented as a nonnegative long value
    
    Since:
    
    2.1
  - hash
```
public static int hash(double value)
```
    Returns an integer hash code representing the given double value.
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - the value to be hashed
    
    Returns:
    
    the hash code
  - hash
```
public static int hash(double[] value)
```
    Returns an integer hash code representing the given double array.
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - the value to be hashed (may be null)
    
    Returns:
    
    the hash code
    
    Since:
    
    1.2
  - indicator
```
public static byte indicator(byte x)
```
    For a byte value x, this method returns (byte)(+1) if x >= 0 and (byte)(-1) if x < 0.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, a byte
    
    Returns:
    
    (byte)(+1) or (byte)(-1), depending on the sign of x
  - indicator
```
public static double indicator(double x)
```
    For a double precision value x, this method returns +1.0 if x >= 0 and -1.0 if x < 0. Returns NaN if x is NaN.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, a double
    
    Returns:
    
    +1.0 or -1.0, depending on the sign of x
  - indicator
```
public static float indicator(float x)
```
    For a float value x, this method returns +1.0F if x >= 0 and -1.0F if x < 0. Returns NaN if x is NaN.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, a float
    
    Returns:
    
    +1.0F or -1.0F, depending on the sign of x
  - indicator
```
public static int indicator(int x)
```
    For an int value x, this method returns +1 if x >= 0 and -1 if x < 0.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, an int
    
    Returns:
    
    +1 or -1, depending on the sign of x
  - indicator
```
public static long indicator(long x)
```
    For a long value x, this method returns +1L if x >= 0 and -1L if x < 0.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, a long
    
    Returns:
    
    +1L or -1L, depending on the sign of x
  - indicator
```
public static short indicator(short x)
```
    For a short value x, this method returns (short)(+1) if x >= 0 and (short)(-1) if x < 0.
    
    Parameters:
    
    x - the value, a short
    
    Returns:
    
    (short)(+1) or (short)(-1), depending on the sign of x
  - lcm
```
public static int lcm(int a,
                      int b)
```
    Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers, using the formula lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b. Special cases:
    - The invocations lcm(Integer.MIN_VALUE, n) and lcm(n, Integer.MIN_VALUE), where abs(n) is a power of 2, throw an ArithmeticException, because the result would be 2^31, which is too large for an int value.
    - The result of lcm(0, x) and lcm(x, 0) is 0 for any x.
    Parameters:
    
    a - any number
    
    b - any number
    
    Returns:
    
    the least common multiple, never negative
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result cannot be represented as a nonnegative int value
    
    Since:
    
    1.1
  - lcm
```
public static long lcm(long a,
                       long b)
```
    Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers, using the formula lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b. Special cases:
    - The invocations lcm(Long.MIN_VALUE, n) and lcm(n, Long.MIN_VALUE), where abs(n) is a power of 2, throw an ArithmeticException, because the result would be 2^63, which is too large for an int value.
    - The result of lcm(0L, x) and lcm(x, 0L) is 0L for any x.
    Parameters:
    
    a - any number
    
    b - any number
    
    Returns:
    
    the least common multiple, never negative
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result cannot be represented as a nonnegative long value
    
    Since:
    
    2.1
  - log
```
public static double log(double base,
                         double x)
```
    Returns the logarithm for base b of x.
    Returns NaN if either argument is negative. If base is 0 and x is positive, 0 is returned. If base is positive and x is 0, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY is returned. If both arguments are 0, the result is NaN.
    Parameters: base - the base of the logarithm, must be greater than 0 x - argument, must be greater than 0 Returns: the value of the logarithm - the number y such that base^y = x. Since: 1.2
  mulAndCheck public static int mulAndCheck(int x, int y) Multiply two integers, checking for overflow. Parameters: x - a factor y - a factor Returns: the product x*y Throws: java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an int Since: 1.1 mulAndCheck public static long mulAndCheck(long a, long b) Multiply two long integers, checking for overflow. Parameters: a - first value b - second value Returns: the product a * b Throws: java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an long Since: 1.2 nextAfter public static double nextAfter(double d, double direction) Get the next machine representable number after a number, moving in the direction of another number. If direction is greater than or equal tod, the smallest machine representable number strictly greater than d is returned; otherwise the largest representable number strictly less than d is returned. If d is NaN or Infinite, it is returned unchanged. Parameters: d - base number direction - (the only important thing is whether direction is greater or smaller than d) Returns: the next machine representable number in the specified direction Since: 1.2 scalb public static double scalb(double d, int scaleFactor) Scale a number by 2^scaleFactor. If d is 0 or NaN or Infinite, it is returned unchanged. Parameters: d - base number scaleFactor - power of two by which d sould be multiplied Returns: d × 2^scaleFactor Since: 2.0 normalizeAngle public static double normalizeAngle(double a, double center) Normalize an angle in a 2&pi wide interval around a center value. This method has three main uses: normalize an angle between 0 and 2π: a = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(a, Math.PI); normalize an angle between -π and +π a = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(a, 0.0); compute the angle between two defining angular positions: angle = MathUtils.normalizeAngle(end, start) - start; Note that due to numerical accuracy and since π cannot be represented exactly, the result interval is closed, it cannot be half-closed as would be more satisfactory in a purely mathematical view. Parameters: a - angle to normalize center - center of the desired 2π interval for the result Returns: a-2kπ with integer k and center-π <= a-2kπ <= center+π Since: 1.2 normalizeArray public static double[] normalizeArray(double[] values, double normalizedSum) throws java.lang.ArithmeticException, java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Normalizes an array to make it sum to a specified value. Returns the result of the transformation x |-> x * normalizedSum / sum applied to each non-NaN element x of the input array, where sum is the sum of the non-NaN entries in the input array. Throws IllegalArgumentException if normalizedSum is infinite or NaN and ArithmeticException if the input array contains any infinite elements or sums to 0 Ignores (i.e., copies unchanged to the output array) NaNs in the input array. Parameters: values - input array to be normalized normalizedSum - target sum for the normalized array Returns: normalized array Throws: java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the input array contains infinite elements or sums to zero java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if the target sum is infinite or NaN Since: 2.1 round public static double round(double x, int scale) Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places. The value is rounded using the BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP method. Parameters: x - the value to round. scale - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point. Returns: the rounded value. Since: 1.1 round public static double round(double x, int scale, int roundingMethod) Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places. The value is rounded using the given method which is any method defined in BigDecimal. Parameters: x - the value to round. scale - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point. roundingMethod - the rounding method as defined in BigDecimal. Returns: the rounded value. Since: 1.1 round public static float round(float x, int scale) Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places. The value is rounding using the BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP method. Parameters: x - the value to round. scale - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point. Returns: the rounded value. Since: 1.1 round public static float round(float x, int scale, int roundingMethod) Round the given value to the specified number of decimal places. The value is rounded using the given method which is any method defined in BigDecimal. Parameters: x - the value to round. scale - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point. roundingMethod - the rounding method as defined in BigDecimal. Returns: the rounded value. Since: 1.1 sign public static byte sign(byte x) Returns the sign for byte value x. For a byte value x, this method returns (byte)(+1) if x > 0, (byte)(0) if x = 0, and (byte)(-1) if x < 0. Parameters: x - the value, a byte Returns: (byte)(+1), (byte)(0), or (byte)(-1), depending on the sign of x sign public static double sign(double x) Returns the sign for double precision x. For a double value x, this method returns +1.0 if x > 0, 0.0 if x = 0.0, and -1.0 if x < 0. Returns NaN if x is NaN. Parameters: x - the value, a double Returns: +1.0, 0.0, or -1.0, depending on the sign of x sign public static float sign(float x) Returns the sign for float value x. For a float value x, this method returns +1.0F if x > 0, 0.0F if x = 0.0F, and -1.0F if x < 0. Returns NaN if x is NaN. Parameters: x - the value, a float Returns: +1.0F, 0.0F, or -1.0F, depending on the sign of x sign public static int sign(int x) Returns the sign for int value x. For an int value x, this method returns +1 if x > 0, 0 if x = 0, and -1 if x < 0. Parameters: x - the value, an int Returns: +1, 0, or -1, depending on the sign of x sign public static long sign(long x) Returns the sign for long value x. For a long value x, this method returns +1L if x > 0, 0L if x = 0, and -1L if x < 0. Parameters: x - the value, a long Returns: +1L, 0L, or -1L, depending on the sign of x sign public static short sign(short x) Returns the sign for short value x. For a short value x, this method returns (short)(+1) if x > 0, (short)(0) if x = 0, and (short)(-1) if x < 0. Parameters: x - the value, a short Returns: (short)(+1), (short)(0), or (short)(-1), depending on the sign of x sinh public static double sinh(double x) Returns the hyperbolic sine of x. Parameters: x - double value for which to find the hyperbolic sine Returns: hyperbolic sine of x subAndCheck public static int subAndCheck(int x, int y) Subtract two integers, checking for overflow. Parameters: x - the minuend y - the subtrahend Returns: the difference x-y Throws: java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an int Since: 1.1 subAndCheck public static long subAndCheck(long a, long b) Subtract two long integers, checking for overflow. Parameters: a - first value b - second value Returns: the difference a-b Throws: java.lang.ArithmeticException - if the result can not be represented as an long Since: 1.2 pow public static int pow(int k, int e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise an int to an int power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static int pow(int k, long e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise an int to a long power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static long pow(long k, int e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise a long to an int power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static long pow(long k, long e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise a long to a long power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static java.math.BigInteger pow(java.math.BigInteger k, int e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise a BigInteger to an int power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static java.math.BigInteger pow(java.math.BigInteger k, long e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise a BigInteger to a long power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative pow public static java.math.BigInteger pow(java.math.BigInteger k, java.math.BigInteger e) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Raise a BigInteger to a BigInteger power. Parameters: k - number to raise e - exponent (must be positive or null) Returns: k^e Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if e is negative distance1 public static double distance1(double[] p1, double[] p2) Calculates the L₁ (sum of abs) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L₁ distance between the two points distance1 public static int distance1(int[] p1, int[] p2) Calculates the L₁ (sum of abs) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L₁ distance between the two points distance public static double distance(double[] p1, double[] p2) Calculates the L₂ (Euclidean) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L₂ distance between the two points distance public static double distance(int[] p1, int[] p2) Calculates the L₂ (Euclidean) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L₂ distance between the two points distanceInf public static double distanceInf(double[] p1, double[] p2) Calculates the L_∞ (max of abs) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L_∞ distance between the two points distanceInf public static int distanceInf(int[] p1, int[] p2) Calculates the L_∞ (max of abs) distance between two points. Parameters: p1 - the first point p2 - the second point Returns: the L_∞ distance between the two points checkOrder public static void checkOrder(double[] val, int dir, boolean strict) Checks that the given array is sorted. Parameters: val - Values dir - Order direction (-1 for decreasing, 1 for increasing) strict - Whether the order should be strict Throws: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if the array is not sorted.

Class MathUtils

Field Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

EPSILON

SAFE_MIN

TWO_PI

Method Detail

addAndCheck

addAndCheck

binomialCoefficient

binomialCoefficientDouble

binomialCoefficientLog

compareTo

cosh

equals

equals

equals

equals

factorial

factorialDouble

factorialLog

gcd

gcd

hash

hash

indicator

indicator

indicator

indicator

indicator

indicator

lcm

lcm

log

mulAndCheck

mulAndCheck

nextAfter

scalb

normalizeAngle

normalizeArray

round

round

round

round

sign

sign

sign

sign

sign

sign

sinh

subAndCheck

subAndCheck

pow

pow

pow

pow

pow

pow

pow

distance1

distance1

distance

distance

distanceInf

distanceInf

checkOrder